There is currently a bug in Mac OS X 10.9 which causes that ssh-add is no longer able to read SSH key files in PKCS#8 format.

Fortunately ssh-add still reads PKCS#8 keys when provided through STDIN and openssl is able to decrypt PKCS#8 keys.

Thus the following workaround so that PKCS#8 SSH keys can be loaded again:

openssl pkcs8 -in ~/.ssh/id_rsa | ssh-add -